PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.